#163 Expressions and String Indexes

When string indexes are better than regex, and when regex can help writing a string index.

Notes

The ruby String class overloads the [] operator with some interesting behaviours:

string[index] → new_string or nilclick to toggle source
string[start, length] → new_string or nil
string[range] → new_string or nil
string[regexp, capture = 0] → new_string or nil
string[substring] → new_string or nil

Plain Text Search

Using string[substring] is a more efficient way of testing for substring than a regular expression

text = 'Plant a memory, plant a tree, do it today for tomorrow.'
# ok
text =~ /memory/
# better
text['memory']

Using Regular Expressions as String Indexes

Using string[regexp, capture = 0] syntax allows matching and replacement in a string with a very simple syntax.

Getting content of a match:

text = 'Plant a memory, plant a tree, do it today for tomorrow.'
text[/pl.*ee/]
=> 'plant a tree'

Getting content of a captured group:

text = 'Plant a memory, plant a tree, do it today for tomorrow.'
text[/it\s(\w+)/, 1]
=> 'today'

Replacing content of a captured group:

text = 'Plant a memory, plant a tree, do it today for tomorrow.'
text[/it\s(\w+)/, 1] = 'now'
text
=> 'Plant a memory, plant a tree, do it now for tomorrow.'

Running the Examples

See examples.rb; these demonstrations are written asa test suite:

$ ruby examples.rb
Run options: --seed 63700

# Running:

....

Finished in 0.001045s, 3827.7510 runs/s, 3827.7510 assertions/s.

4 runs, 4 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips

Credits and References